American BBQ
Photo: Scottgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0

American barbecue is one of the great regional cuisines of the United States, a slow-cooking, hardwood-smoke tradition that descends from West African pit-roasting, Caribbean and indigenous Taino barbacoa, German and Czech butcher traditions in central Texas, and the long Southern necessity of turning cheap, tough cuts of pork and beef into the best food in the region. The defining technique is low-and-slow cooking over hardwood smoke (post oak, hickory, mesquite, or pecan, by region) for hours, often overnight, at temperatures around 225 to 275 degrees Fahrenheit. This is fundamentally different from grilling: BBQ is slow, indirect-heat cooking; grilling is fast, direct-heat searing.

The cuisine is regional first and national second, and arguing over which region's BBQ is best is a national pastime. Texas (especially central Texas) is beef country, dominated by salt-and-pepper-crusted post-oak-smoked brisket and beef sausage. The Carolinas are pork country, with whole-hog cooking and vinegar-pepper or mustard sauces. Memphis is pork ribs and pulled pork, dry-rubbed or sauced, with hickory smoke. Kansas City is everything (the most omnivorous BBQ style), with a sweet-and-tangy tomato-molasses sauce that has become the national supermarket standard.

A serious BBQ restaurant is rarely fancy. Counter service, butcher paper or trays, white bread or saltines, and a few cold sides (slaw, beans, potato salad, mac and cheese, banana pudding) are the form. Brisket and ribs are measured by the bark (the dark, peppery crust), the smoke ring (the pink layer just under the bark), and the tenderness. Some of the best BBQ in America is sold from a parking lot trailer or a tin-roofed roadside shack.

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Top picks

The best-scored american bbq place in each of 12 cities.

Goldee's Barbecue ★ 4.9

$$ Fort WorthTexas BbqNear Northside

Goldee's Barbecue in Fort Worth is a Michelin-recognised pitmaster destination open only Friday through Sunday, and sells out early most days.

OrderBrisket, pork ribs, house-made sausage links, banana pudding.

TipArrive at opening or call ahead. They sell out most Fridays by 13:00 and do not restock once the pit is empty.

Pecan Lodge ★ 4.8

$$ DallasTexas BbqDeep Ellum

The Deep Ellum BBQ institution that made Dallas a serious stop on every national list. Brisket, ribs, and pulled pork in a lively brick room on Main St.

OrderBeef brisket by the pound, beef rib on Saturdays while supplies last.

TipArrive by 11:30am on weekends; they sell out before 2pm and do not restock.

Joe's Kansas City Bar-B-Que ★ 4.8

$$ Kansas CityBbqKck

Joe's Kansas City Bar-B-Que runs out of a working Shamrock gas station at 47th and Mission in Kansas City, Kansas, where the Stehneys opened in 1996.

OrderThe Z-Man sandwich, slow-smoked brisket with provolone, onion rings and barbecue sauce on a kaiser roll.

TipOpen Monday through Saturday, closed Sunday. Walk-in only and the line moves; lunch sells out by 14:00 on weekends.

Hammerheads ★ 4.8

$$ LouisvilleAmerican BBQUntil Tue to Sat until 22:00

Hammerheads in Germantown Louisville smokes lamb ribs and BBQ sliders until 22:00 from a Swan Street basement, the after-dinner room locals book for a second.

TrySmoked lamb ribs, BBQ sliders

TipNo reservations. Get in before 18:00 or expect a 45-minute wait on weekends.

Truth BBQ ★ 4.8

$$ HoustonTexas BarbecueThe Heights

Truth BBQ in Houston is Leonard Botello IV's Heights Boulevard smokehouse, the Brenham original relocated in 2019, with post-oak-smoked brisket Texas.

OrderBrisket fatty, sliced thick. Pulled pork. A side of pinto beans and a slice of the strawberry cake.

TipOpen Wed to Sun, lunch only until they sell out (usually 2 to 3pm). Get there by 11am for brisket; the line moves fast.

Eli's BBQ ★ 4.8

$ CincinnatiBarbecueWalnut Hills

Eli's BBQ on Riverside Drive in Cincinnati's East End is the smoker-led pulled-pork and brisket counter that grew from a single backyard pit.

SignaturePulled pork sandwich, Jalapeno cheddar grits

Lewis Barbecue ★ 4.8

$$ CharlestonTexas BarbecueUpper Peninsula

John Lewis's Lewis Barbecue in Charleston runs central-Texas-style brisket and hot-guts sausage from a Nassau Street smokehouse since 2016. Priced at $$.

OrderA quarter-pound of fatty brisket and a hot-guts link, plus the green chile corn pudding side.

TipOrder at the counter. Brisket runs out by 19:00 most nights; arrive earlier for the full menu.

2M Smokehouse ★ 4.8

$ San AntonioAmerican BBQSouth Side

2M Smokehouse on the South Side serves Tejano-accented barbecue; order by the quarter pound and add the cheap sides to keep a BBQ lunch under twenty dollars.

TryBBQ by the quarter pound

TipOrder by the quarter pound and add the cheap Tejano sides to keep a BBQ lunch under twenty dollars. Go early; it sells out.

Burnt Ends ★ 4.8

$$$ SingaporeAmerican BBQDempsey Hill

Dave Pynt's Michelin-starred barbecue restaurant at Dempsey Hill. Asia's 50 Best No. 38 in 2025. 4-tonne custom kiln; smoke-roasted meats and raw bar.

OrderThe pulled pork sandwich at lunch, served at the bar without a reservation

TipReserve exactly 30 days ahead when bookings release at 10am; the walk-in bar at lunch is the shortcut locals use.

Põhjala Tap Room ★ 4.8

€€ TallinnAmerican BBQUntil Tue-Thu 00:00; Fri-Sat 01:00; Sun 17:00

Põhjala Tap Room in Noblessner runs Texas-style barbecue and 24 Põhjala craft beers on tap past midnight on Friday and Saturday in a converted naval shipyard.

TryTexas-style barbecue and 24 craft beers

Cozy Corner BBQ ★ 4.7

$ MemphisMemphis BbqPinch District

Raymond Robinson's North Parkway Memphis BBQ joint has smoked Cornish hens, bologna and ribs over hickory in a one-room shack since 1977. Priced at $.

OrderSmoked Cornish hen with the slab.

TipClosed Sundays and Mondays. Cash works best; the bologna sandwich is worth ordering even if you came for ribs.

Saw's Soul Kitchen ★ 4.7

$$ BirminghamAmerican BbqAvondale

Saw's Soul Kitchen on 41st Street South in Avondale Birmingham is the 2012 sibling to Saw's BBQ, mixing Alabama white sauce barbecue with soul-food sides.

SignaturePork and greens, Pulled pork sandwich, Banana pudding

Find a place

Goldee's Barbecue ★ 4.9

$$ Fort WorthTexas BbqNear Northside

Goldee's Barbecue in Fort Worth is a Michelin-recognised pitmaster destination open only Friday through Sunday, and sells out early most days.

OrderBrisket, pork ribs, house-made sausage links, banana pudding.

TipArrive at opening or call ahead. They sell out most Fridays by 13:00 and do not restock once the pit is empty.

Pecan Lodge ★ 4.8

$$ DallasTexas BbqDeep Ellum

The Deep Ellum BBQ institution that made Dallas a serious stop on every national list. Brisket, ribs, and pulled pork in a lively brick room on Main St.

OrderBeef brisket by the pound, beef rib on Saturdays while supplies last.

TipArrive by 11:30am on weekends; they sell out before 2pm and do not restock.

Cattleack Barbeque ★ 4.8

$$ DallasTexas BbqPlano

A suburban BBQ legend open just three days a week. Akaushi Wagyu brisket and Duroc pork, a Michelin Bib Gourmand, and a Texas Monthly Top 50 ranking.

OrderAkaushi Wagyu brisket. The Toddfather sandwich. Crack cake for dessert.

TipPre-orders of whole meats are available by Tuesday at 5pm. Show up at 10am and expect to queue. BYOB.

Joe's Kansas City Bar-B-Que ★ 4.8

$$ Kansas CityBbqKck

Joe's Kansas City Bar-B-Que runs out of a working Shamrock gas station at 47th and Mission in Kansas City, Kansas, where the Stehneys opened in 1996.

OrderThe Z-Man sandwich, slow-smoked brisket with provolone, onion rings and barbecue sauce on a kaiser roll.

TipOpen Monday through Saturday, closed Sunday. Walk-in only and the line moves; lunch sells out by 14:00 on weekends.

Hammerheads ★ 4.8

$$ LouisvilleAmerican BBQUntil Tue to Sat until 22:00

Hammerheads in Germantown Louisville smokes lamb ribs and BBQ sliders until 22:00 from a Swan Street basement, the after-dinner room locals book for a second.

TrySmoked lamb ribs, BBQ sliders

TipNo reservations. Get in before 18:00 or expect a 45-minute wait on weekends.

Truth BBQ ★ 4.8

$$ HoustonTexas BarbecueThe Heights

Truth BBQ in Houston is Leonard Botello IV's Heights Boulevard smokehouse, the Brenham original relocated in 2019, with post-oak-smoked brisket Texas.

OrderBrisket fatty, sliced thick. Pulled pork. A side of pinto beans and a slice of the strawberry cake.

TipOpen Wed to Sun, lunch only until they sell out (usually 2 to 3pm). Get there by 11am for brisket; the line moves fast.

Eli's BBQ ★ 4.8

$ CincinnatiBarbecueWalnut Hills

Eli's BBQ on Riverside Drive in Cincinnati's East End is the smoker-led pulled-pork and brisket counter that grew from a single backyard pit.

SignaturePulled pork sandwich, Jalapeno cheddar grits

Lewis Barbecue ★ 4.8

$$ CharlestonTexas BarbecueUpper Peninsula

John Lewis's Lewis Barbecue in Charleston runs central-Texas-style brisket and hot-guts sausage from a Nassau Street smokehouse since 2016. Priced at $$.

OrderA quarter-pound of fatty brisket and a hot-guts link, plus the green chile corn pudding side.

TipOrder at the counter. Brisket runs out by 19:00 most nights; arrive earlier for the full menu.

2M Smokehouse ★ 4.8

$ San AntonioAmerican BBQSouth Side

2M Smokehouse on the South Side serves Tejano-accented barbecue; order by the quarter pound and add the cheap sides to keep a BBQ lunch under twenty dollars.

TryBBQ by the quarter pound

TipOrder by the quarter pound and add the cheap Tejano sides to keep a BBQ lunch under twenty dollars. Go early; it sells out.

Burnt Ends ★ 4.8

$$$ SingaporeAmerican BBQDempsey Hill

Dave Pynt's Michelin-starred barbecue restaurant at Dempsey Hill. Asia's 50 Best No. 38 in 2025. 4-tonne custom kiln; smoke-roasted meats and raw bar.

OrderThe pulled pork sandwich at lunch, served at the bar without a reservation

TipReserve exactly 30 days ahead when bookings release at 10am; the walk-in bar at lunch is the shortcut locals use.

Põhjala Tap Room ★ 4.8

€€ TallinnAmerican BBQUntil Tue-Thu 00:00; Fri-Sat 01:00; Sun 17:00

Põhjala Tap Room in Noblessner runs Texas-style barbecue and 24 Põhjala craft beers on tap past midnight on Friday and Saturday in a converted naval shipyard.

TryTexas-style barbecue and 24 craft beers

Heim Barbecue ★ 4.7

$$ Fort WorthTexas BbqCultural District

Heim Barbecue in Fort Worth serves celebrated bacon burnt ends and slow-smoked brisket from a full bar and dining room on White Settlement Road.

OrderBacon burnt ends, beef brisket by the pound, smoked jalapeño cheddar sausage.

TipHappy hour runs Monday through Friday 14:00-18:00. Go early on weekends for the best cut selection.

Pecan Lodge (BBQ Line) ★ 4.7

$ $$DallasAmerican BBQDeep Ellum

The BBQ queue that defines Deep Ellum's food culture. Pecan Lodge's brisket, ribs, and sausage links draw lines before noon every day they are open.

OrderOne-pound brisket; pork spare ribs; jalapeno cheddar sausage link

TipArrive by 10:45am to join the queue before noon. Wed-Fri wait times are shorter than Sat-Sun. The sold-out time varies but assumes 1:30pm on busy Saturdays.

Cozy Corner BBQ ★ 4.7

$ MemphisMemphis BbqPinch District

Raymond Robinson's North Parkway Memphis BBQ joint has smoked Cornish hens, bologna and ribs over hickory in a one-room shack since 1977. Priced at $.

OrderSmoked Cornish hen with the slab.

TipClosed Sundays and Mondays. Cash works best; the bologna sandwich is worth ordering even if you came for ribs.

Payne's Bar-B-Que ★ 4.7

$ MemphisMemphis BbqSouth Memphis

Payne's Lamar Avenue Memphis BBQ counter has run chopped pork sandwiches and mustard slaw out of a converted gas station since 1972. Locals' top chopped pork.

OrderChopped pork sandwich, mustard slaw, fizzy red drink.

TipLunch only, Tuesday to Saturday, 11:00-17:30. Cash preferred and the line moves fast.

Arthur Bryant's Barbeque ★ 4.7

$$ Kansas CityBbq18th And Vine

Arthur Bryant's on Brooklyn Avenue in Kansas City is the canonical BBQ address, with roots back to Henry Perry's 1908 pit and the Bryant family's takeover.

OrderBurnt ends sandwich on Wonder Bread with the rust-coloured original sauce.

TipOpen Monday through Friday 10:00-20:00, Saturday 11:00-20:00, Sunday 11:00-19:00. Cash and card; sauce sold by the bottle.

Slap's BBQ ★ 4.7

$$ Kansas CityBbqKck

Slap's BBQ on Central Avenue in Kansas City Kansas runs a competition-pitmaster operation since 2014 and sells out daily by mid-afternoon, ribs first.

OrderBurnt ends and pork ribs at the counter; grab them before the kitchen sells out.

TipOpen Tue to Sat 11:00-19:00, often closed earlier if meat runs out. Walk-in only.

Saw's Soul Kitchen ★ 4.7

$$ BirminghamAmerican BbqAvondale

Saw's Soul Kitchen on 41st Street South in Avondale Birmingham is the 2012 sibling to Saw's BBQ, mixing Alabama white sauce barbecue with soul-food sides.

SignaturePork and greens, Pulled pork sandwich, Banana pudding

Killen's Barbecue ★ 4.7

$$ HoustonTexas BarbecuePearland

Killen's Barbecue in Pearland is Ronnie Killen's smokehouse on East Broadway, a Michelin Bib Gourmand 2025 pick with a Texas beef rib that defined Houston.

OrderThe Texas beef rib. Brisket fatty. The creamed corn.

TipLunch only Tuesday through Saturday; sold out by mid-afternoon. The beef rib runs out first; order on entry.

Lewis Barbecue (lunch plate) ★ 4.7

$ CharlestonAmerican BBQUpper Peninsula

John Lewis's central-Texas pit fires brisket and sausage every morning at the Nassau Street counter. Located in Upper Peninsula. At 464 N Nassau St.

TryBrisket sandwich, sausage plate with two sides

TipOrder at the counter, sit at the picnic tables. The brisket sandwich at lunch is the move when the full plate is too much.

Firestone Grill ★ 4.7

$$ San Luis ObispoBarbecueDowntown

Firestone Grill is San Luis Obispo's tri-tip sandwich benchmark, carving oak-grilled beef onto garlic rolls since 1995 for a queue that snakes out the door.

OrderThe tri-tip sandwich on a garlic-butter roll, with a side of fries.

TipThe line moves faster than it looks; order at the counter and grab a patio table on Higuera Street.

Distant Relatives ★ 4.7

$$ AustinAmerican BBQ

Distant Relatives is Damien Brockways modern African-American BBQ at Meanwhile Brewings South Austin yard, with smoked collard greens as a quiet showstopper.

Why locals goDamien Brockway's modern African-American BBQ at Meanwhile Brewing's South Austin yard pulls a fraction of Franklin's queue and is the best new BBQ in town.

TipSit at Meanwhile Brewing and order BBQ to the table; the smoked-collard-greens side is the room's quiet showstopper.

Mum Foods Smokehouse ★ 4.7

$$ AustinAmerican BBQ

Mum Foods Smokehouse is a american bbq room in Austin. Order the Rachel sandwich and a side of matzo ball soup; the kitchen runs Wednesday-Sunday lunch only.

Why locals goThe pastrami sandwich was voted the best in Texas and made the Infatuation's 18 Best Sandwiches in America list, yet the Manor Road deli rarely has a line.

TipOrder the Rachel sandwich and a side of matzo ball soup; the kitchen runs Wednesday-Sunday lunch only.

Little Coyote ★ 4.7

$$ ChattanoogaBarbecueSt Elmo

Little Coyote smokes Texas-style brisket for tacos on house tortillas in St. Elmo, Chattanooga's only Bib Gourmand in the 2025 Michelin American South guide.

OrderSmoked brisket with house-made tortillas and pinto beans.

TipSaturday and Sunday open at 11:30 for full-day service; weekdays are dinner only from 16:00. Same Niel family as Easy Bistro.

American BBQ by city

Fort Worth21 places Goldee's Barbecue, Heim Barbecue Dallas19 places Pecan Lodge, Cattleack Barbeque Memphis17 places Cozy Corner BBQ, Payne's Bar-B-Que Kansas City16 places Joe's Kansas City Bar-B-Que, Arthur Bryant's Barbeque St. Louis10 places Pappy's Smokehouse, Ted Drewes Frozen Custard Des Moines9 places Flying Mango, Smokey D's BBQ Louisville9 places Hammerheads, Doc Crow's Southern Smokehouse and Raw Bar Birmingham8 places Saw's Soul Kitchen, Saw's BBQ Houston7 places Truth BBQ, Killen's Barbecue Jackson7 places The Pig and Pint, The Pig and Pint (Beer Selection) Chicago6 places Calumet Fisheries, Calumet Fisheries (Smokehouse) Cincinnati6 places Eli's BBQ, Eli's BBQ Riverside Baltimore1 place Chaps Pit Beef Berlin1 place Big Stuff Smoked BBQ Bristol1 place Low and Slow Chiang Mai1 place Dinky's BBQ Chișinău1 place Labrewtory Brewing Company Galway1 place Connemara Smokehouse Ghent1 place RØK BBQ Honolulu1 place Rainbow Drive-In Indianapolis1 place Hank's Smoked Briskets Las Vegas1 place Soulbelly BBQ New York City1 place Great N.Y. Noodletown Orlando1 place 4 Rivers Smokehouse Portland1 place Matt's BBQ Prague1 place Automat Matuska Sacramento1 place Tank House BBQ and Bar Singapore1 place Burnt Ends Tallinn1 place Põhjala Tap Room

Regional variations

Central Texas

Beef-led, post-oak-smoked, served on butcher paper with white bread, raw onion, and pickles. The Texas trinity is brisket, beef ribs, and sausage (often jalapeno-cheese or coarse-ground beef sausage in the German-Czech butcher tradition of Lockhart, Luling, and Elgin). Sauce is on the side and often optional. Franklin Barbecue in Austin and Snow's in Lexington are the modern benchmarks.

Eastern North Carolina

Whole-hog cooking over hickory or oak coals, pulled and chopped together (white meat and dark, with bits of crackling), dressed with a thin vinegar-and-red-pepper sauce. Served with coleslaw (often vinegar-based, sometimes mayo-based) and hush puppies. Skylight Inn in Ayden is the institution.

Western North Carolina / Lexington style

Pork shoulder only (not whole hog), with a vinegar-tomato-sugar sauce called dip, and a red slaw (vinegar-based, with the BBQ dip mixed in). Lexington is the town that gave the style its name.

South Carolina

Pork-led with four regional sauce zones, the most famous being mustard-based (Carolina Gold), invented by German immigrants in the central state. Eastern South Carolina uses vinegar-pepper; the Pee Dee region uses tomato-vinegar.

Memphis

Pork ribs and pulled pork, smoked with hickory. Ribs come dry (with a spice-rub crust, sauce on the side) or wet (mopped with a tangy-sweet tomato sauce). Sandwich is pulled pork with slaw on top, on a soft bun. Rendezvous (dry ribs) and Cozy Corner are the institutions.

Kansas City

The most omnivorous style: beef, pork, ribs, sausage, even mutton, all smoked with hickory or oak, and dressed with the sweet, thick, tomato-molasses sauce that has become the supermarket standard for BBQ sauce nationally. Burnt ends (cubed brisket point trimmings) are a Kansas City invention. Arthur Bryant's, Gates, and Joe's Kansas City are the icons.

Defining american bbq dishes

Brisket
Beef brisket, salt-and-pepper-rubbed, smoked low and slow over post oak for 12 to 18 hours. Sliced against the grain into pencil-thick slices for the lean (flat) and thicker slices for the moist (point). The defining Texas dish.
Pulled pork
Pork shoulder (Boston butt) smoked for 10 to 14 hours until it falls apart, then pulled by hand or with bear claws. Served on a soft bun with slaw and sauce (Memphis, Carolina) or chopped fine (eastern North Carolina whole-hog tradition).
Pork ribs
St. Louis-cut spare ribs or baby back ribs, rubbed and smoked for four to six hours until the meat pulls cleanly from the bone (but not falls off, which is overcooked). Memphis dry or wet style.
Beef ribs
Plate ribs (the dinosaur-sized cut from below the brisket) or chuck short ribs, smoked Texas-style with salt and pepper, three to four ribs to a portion. Often the most expensive item on a Texas BBQ menu.
Beef sausage
Texas hot links and German-Czech jalapeno-cheese sausage, smoked alongside the brisket. Lockhart, Elgin, and Luling all have their own sausage identities.
Whole hog
An entire pig (often 100 to 150 pounds) cooked over hardwood coals for 16 to 24 hours, then pulled and chopped together. Eastern North Carolina's defining dish.
Burnt ends
Cubed brisket point trimmings, the fatty cap of the brisket, re-smoked with sauce until caramelized and crispy on the outside. Kansas City invention, now spread nationally.
Coleslaw
Cabbage slaw, either mayo-based (most regions), vinegar-based (eastern Carolina), or red (Lexington, North Carolina, mixed with BBQ dip). Eaten alongside or piled on the pulled-pork sandwich.
Baked beans
Slow-cooked beans with bacon, brown sugar, and molasses. The universal BBQ side.
Mac and cheese
Baked or stovetop macaroni in a cheese sauce, often topped with breadcrumb or extra cheese, served as a BBQ side. The Southern BBQ side that has gone national.
Banana pudding
Layered vanilla pudding, sliced bananas, and Nilla wafers, often with meringue or whipped cream on top. The South's BBQ-counter dessert.
Hush puppies
Cornmeal fritters, deep-fried, served alongside whole-hog BBQ in the Carolinas.

How to order

At a Texas BBQ joint, the line is the line. You walk in, get a tray, and order by weight at the counter (half-pound of brisket lean, half-pound moist, two beef ribs, a link of sausage, a half-pound of pulled pork). The pitmaster slices the meat in front of you. Sides are scooped on the side or in a separate cup. Sauce is on the table; in Texas, you may not need any. At a Carolina or Memphis joint, order the sandwich or the platter, choose two sides, and pick your sauce (or take the house style). Drinks are sweet tea or beer.

The rookie mistakes: ordering rare brisket (it cooks until tender, not until medium-rare), dousing the meat in sauce before tasting it (the bark and smoke are doing work), refusing the white bread or saltine on the side (it is the traditional starch), and confusing the regions (asking for whole hog in Texas, or beef brisket in eastern Carolina, marks you as a tourist immediately). Cash is king at many of the best old-school joints.

What to drink with it

Sweet tea is the universal Southern table drink; an unsweetened cold brewed iced tea works in Texas. Beer is the alcohol pairing of choice: cold lager (Shiner Bock in Texas, Lone Star, a local pilsner everywhere else) cuts the fat and salt. American whiskey, bourbon especially, finishes the meal. Wine is unusual but a fruity Zinfandel or a Texas Tempranillo from the Hill Country can pair with brisket. With burnt ends and Kansas City sauce, a darker craft beer or a stout. The non-alcoholic side: lemonade, Dr Pepper (Texas), and Cheerwine (Carolina cherry soda).

Where to eat it

Texas is the destination for beef and brisket pilgrimage: Franklin in Austin, Snow's in Lexington (open Saturdays only), La Barbecue in Austin, Truth in Brenham, Goldee's in Fort Worth. The Carolinas for whole-hog: Skylight Inn in Ayden, Sam Jones BBQ, Scott's Bar-B-Que. Memphis for ribs: Rendezvous, Payne's, Cozy Corner. Kansas City for the omnivore: Arthur Bryant's, Joe's Kansas City, Gates. Outside the US, real American BBQ is essentially nonexistent: London and Berlin have a few imitators (Texas Joe's, Stovell's), but the wood-and-time commitment that defines BBQ does not export.

A short history

American BBQ descends from West African pit-roasting techniques carried via the trans-Atlantic slave trade, Caribbean and indigenous Taino barbacoa (the word's origin), and central European butcher traditions brought by German and Czech immigrants to Texas in the 19th century. The modern regional kingdoms emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries: the Texas meat-market BBQ (pioneered by Kreuz in Lockhart, 1900), Carolina whole-hog (rooted in the antebellum tradition of celebratory pig roasts), Memphis dry ribs (Rendezvous opened 1948), and Kansas City sauce-forward (Henry Perry, the founder of KC BBQ, opened in the 1910s).

Frequently asked

What is the difference between barbecue and grilling?

Grilling is fast, direct-heat cooking over hot flame or coals (steaks, burgers, hot dogs). Barbecue is slow, indirect-heat cooking with hardwood smoke at 225 to 275 degrees Fahrenheit, for hours. A burger on the backyard grill is not barbecue, even though Americans often call it that.

Which region has the best BBQ?

An unresolvable argument. Central Texas (Franklin, Snow's) and eastern North Carolina whole-hog (Skylight Inn) are typically the two most cited as world-class. The honest answer is to try all four major regional styles and pick favorites by meat and sauce.

What wood should I use?

Region-specific. Post oak in central Texas; hickory across the South and the Memphis-Kansas City corridor; pecan in some Texas and Oklahoma kitchens; mesquite in west Texas and the Southwest (with caution, as mesquite burns hot and can over-flavor). The wood is part of the regional identity.

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