General Tso's chicken
Photo: Rick Audet from Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA · CC BY 2.0

History

Chef Peng Chang-kuei, a Hunan-born refugee in Taiwan in the 1950s, devised the original General Tso's as a savoury Hunan-style dish. T.T. Wang adapted it for New York palates at Shun Lee Palace on East 55th Street in 1972, sweetening the sauce and battering the chicken in the heavy American style. Hunan-born chef Tsung Ting Wang at Hunam Restaurant followed weeks later. Within a decade the dish had displaced chop suey as the unofficial Chinese American national order. The dish is named for Zuo Zongtang, a 19th-century Qing-dynasty general from Hunan, who almost certainly never ate anything resembling it.

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Common allergens: Gluten, Soy, Eggs

Make it at home

Yield 4Hands-on 40 minTotal 1 hrDifficulty Intermediate

Ingredients

  • 700g boneless skinless chicken thighs, cut into 3cm pieces
  • 1 tbsp Shaoxing wine
  • 1 tbsp soy sauce
  • 1 large egg
  • 120g cornflour
  • 60g plain flour
  • Neutral oil for deep-frying
  • 10 dried Chinese chillies
  • 3 garlic cloves, minced
  • 1 tbsp grated ginger
  • 60ml chicken stock
  • 60ml soy sauce
  • 30ml black rice vinegar
  • 60g granulated sugar
  • 15ml Shaoxing wine
  • 5ml sesame oil
  • 10g cornflour mixed with 30ml water
  • Spring onions, sliced, to finish
  • Steamed jasmine rice to serve

Method

  1. Toss chicken with wine and soy. Stand 15 minutes.
  2. Beat egg into the marinated chicken, then dredge in the combined cornflour and plain flour until well coated.
  3. Heat oil to 175C in a deep pan or wok. Fry chicken in batches 4 minutes, drain. Refry all the chicken together at 195C for 90 seconds for crunch.
  4. Whisk stock, soy, vinegar, sugar, wine and sesame oil in a bowl.
  5. Wipe the wok, return to high heat with a tablespoon of oil. Add dried chillies, garlic and ginger; stir-fry 20 seconds.
  6. Pour in the sauce mix; bring to boil. Stir in the cornflour slurry; cook to a glossy coat.
  7. Tip in the fried chicken; toss 30 seconds until every piece is glazed.
  8. Plate over rice, scatter spring onions, serve at once.

Tip from the editors. Double-fry is the difference between crisp and soggy. Skip the second fry only if you are serving the moment it comes out of the wok.

Where to eat general tso's chicken

General Tso's chicken in New York City

Shun Lee Palace ★ 4.0

$$$ ChineseMidtown

Shun Lee Palace has served Cantonese and Hunan food on East 55th Street in New York City since 1971. T.T. Order the beggar's chicken, ordered 24 hours ahead.

OrderBeggar's chicken, ordered 24 hours ahead.

TipOrder the General Tso's the first time as a history lesson; on return visits skip it for the Hunan beef.

Hwa Yuan Szechuan ★ 4.3

$$$ Sichuan ChineseChinatown

Hwa Yuan on East Broadway brought Sichuan cooking to New York City Chinatown in 1968, closed in 1992, and was rebuilt by the founder's family in 2017.

OrderCold sesame noodles to start, General Tso's chicken in the founder's original sweet-and-savoury glaze.

TipThe cold sesame noodles claim to be the original American version; whether or not you buy that, order them.

Han Dynasty ★ 4.2

$$ SichuanEast Village

Han Dynasty's East Village outpost runs Chengdu-style numbing-spicy Sichuan in New York City. The dan dan and the dry pot are the room's calibration plates.

OrderDan dan noodles, dry pot fish, cucumber salad to cool.

TipThe spice scale runs 1 to 10; the menu says 7 is hot, the kitchen means it. Start at 5.

Bonnie's ★ 4.5

$$$ CantoneseWilliamsburg

Calvin Eng's Williamsburg Cantonese American room in New York City runs roast pig, cha siu sui mai and orange-shrimp toast. Open since 2022.

OrderRoast pig with crackling, shared between four.

TipWalk-ins at the bar from 17:00. The roast pig sells out by 21:00 most nights; pre-order it when you book.

Joe's Shanghai ★ 4.2

$$ ChineseChinatown

Joe's Shanghai on Bowery has popularised the soup dumpling in Manhattan's Chinatown in New York City since 1997. Priced at $$. Kitchen leans chinese.

OrderPork-and-crab xiao long bao, eight per basket.

TipNo reservations; expect 30 minutes at peak weekend lunch. Bring cash to speed up the tab.

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