Friggione is Bologna's slow-cooked side dish: white onions, San Marzano tomatoes and salt, simmered for three hours into a dark, sweet jam. Served with bollito misto, polenta or as a salumi-board condiment.
Where to eat it: 4 restaurants across 1 city.
Friggione is the everyday Bolognese countryside dish that arrived in the city in the 19th century through the contadino kitchens. The Accademia Italiana della Cucina deposited the legal recipe with the Camera di Commercio of Bologna on 23 January 2009: 1kg white onions, 500g peeled tomatoes, sea salt, no garlic, no herbs, slow-cooked uncovered three hours over very low heat until the onions break down into a dark, jam-like glaze. The 2009 deposit settled the long Bolognese kitchen argument over whether olive oil or lard was canonical (the answer: olive oil). Trattoria di Via Serra, Da Cesari and Diana serve it as a side; Tamburini sells it by the tub at the counter.
Tip from the editors. Patience is the only technique; pushing the heat past medium-low and the onions burn. The two-hour onion salt-rest is non-negotiable.
Trattoria di Via Serra (Italian) in Bologna: Book three weeks ahead online; lunch is the easier seating and the kitchen runs the same carte at both meals.
Why locals love it: Bolognina's quiet, neighbourhood-scaled trattoria; the tagliatelle al ragu is the city's most-cited by editors but tourists never wander north of the station.
Tip: Book three weeks ahead online; lunch is the easier seating and the kitchen runs the same carte at both meals.
Da Cesari in Bologna's Centro Storico is the four-generation Carati family trattoria, operating since 1955, a steady room for the canonical Bolognese carte.
Signature: Tagliatelle al ragu, Cotoletta alla bolognese, Tortellini in brodo
Order: Tagliatelle al ragu, cotoletta alla bolognese, friggione on the side.
Tip: Book a fortnight ahead by phone; the family carte does not change and the wine cellar is run by Massimiliano Carati personally.
Tamburini in Bologna's Quadrilatero is the 1932-founded salumeria-and-self-service operating from Via Caprarie, with cured-meat counters, a daily-changing.
Signature: Mortadella tagliere, Tortellini in brodo, Cotechino
Order: The mortadella tagliere, the daily pasta plate, a tigella with squacquerone.
Tip: The self-service runs 11:00-22:00 daily; the salumi counter closes at 19:30 and the aperitivo crowd takes over after 18:00.
Trattoria Anna Maria in Bologna near Via Zamboni is the city's most-photographed sfoglia trattoria, run by Anna Maria Monari since 1985 with hand-rolled.
Signature: Tagliatelle al ragu, Tortellini in brodo, Lasagne verdi
Order: Tagliatelle al ragu, tortellini in brodo, lasagne verdi, gnocco fritto.
Tip: Book a week ahead for dinner. Lunch is calmer and the sfogline still hand-roll pasta in the window between services.
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